In order to improve the anti-explosion performance of ρ-Al2O3 bonded corundum castables, H2O2 was added (0, 0.025%, 0.050%, 0.075%, 0.100% and 0.125%, by mass) as the anti-explosion agent. After mixing and casting, specimens were prepared. Some specimens were cured at room temperature for 12 h and demoulded for the anti-explosion performance test at different temperatures (450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750 and 800 ℃); the other specimens were cured, dried and fired, and tested in terms of the apparent porosity, the density, the cold mechanical properties, the air permeability and the pore size distribution. The results show that: (1) with the increase of the H2O2 addition, the anti-explosion performance of castables increases gradually, the average pore size increases gradually, and the density and the strength decrease gradually; (2) by comprehensive consideration, the appropriate addition of H2O2 shall be within 0.075%.