Si3N4 powder was synthesized by carbothermal reduction nitridation reaction using sawdust as carbon source and introducing SiO2 by silica sol immersion. Effects of SiO2 content of silica sol, molding pressure, reaction temperature, reaction duration, and N2 flow rate on phase compositions and microstructure of resultants were studied. The results show that using 7.5 mass% SiO2 containing silica sol immersed sawdust as raw materials, the prepared Si3N4 powder is featured with high α-Si3N4 content, few impurities, etc. in the conditions of 1 450 ℃ of reaction temperature, 9 h of reaction duration, 400 mL·min-1 of N2 flow rate and 10 MPa of molding pressure.