The corrosion resistance and microstructure of Al2O3-C based refractories in smelting reduction melts were studied and evaluated by the quasi-stationary immersion and rotary immersion test. The corrosion rate of the Al2O3-C based refractories is decreased with the addition of the graphite carbon and ZrO2. The test results showed that the ZrO2 containing bricks had much better corrosion resistance than the ZrO2-free bricks. The ZrO2 addition improved the oxidization resistance of the refractory and decreased the interaction rate between the melts and the refractory. The corrosion of the Al2O3-C based refractories is caused by both the interaction between melts and refractory and the dissolution of the refractory constituents into the melts.