In this paper, the effect of high temperature calcination on the structure and properties of bauxite-based homogeneous clinkers calcined at different temperatures for different durations was studied. The results show that with the rising of calcination temperature and the prolonging of holding time, the volume density of bauxite-based homogeneous clinkers increases and the apparent porosity decreases. After high temperature calcination, the linear expansion of bauxitebased homogeneous clinker is smaller than that of the non-calcined ones. Whether calcined at high temperatures or not, the thermal shock resistance of bauxite-based homogeneous clinkers is good. The crystalline phases of bauxite-based homogeneous clinkers are mainly mullite and corundum. There is more glass phase in the bauxite-based homogeneous clinkers without calcination. After calcination at high temperatures the glass phase content decreases significantly, and the mullite crystals develop better forming the cross-network structure.